They will typically be three-quarters or seven-eighths of an inch in diameter and come in a variety of formulations. These formulations can be grouped into three categories based on their targeted use.

  • Protein supplements: This group would consist mainly of cottonseed meal cubes and is used when protein is the primary nutrient lacking in the diet. On the feed tag, minimum crude protein content will generally be listed as 38 or 40 percent.

  • Protein and energy supplements: This group is best used when both protein and energy need to be added to the diet. On the feed tag, minimum crude protein content will generally be listed as 20 percent.

  • Energy supplements: This group is best used when energy is the primary nutrient lacking in the diet. On the feed tag, minimum crude protein content will typically range from 11 to 14 percent.

All cubes contain both crude protein and energy. (TDN is the most common method for describing how much energy is in a feed.) The best cube for each situation should be based on supplementation needs and cost per pound of crude protein or TDN.

precip map

Some feed companies make multiple versions of cubes with the same or similar crude protein content. For example, they may have four different 20 percent crude protein cubes. These cubes will vary in TDN content and type of crude protein (natural protein or equivalent crude protein from non-protein nitrogen).

The TDN content is not on the feed tag, but some companies will provide TDN content of cubes on their websites. Crude fiber is listed on the feed tag and can be an indicator of TDN content. In general, TDN content decreases as crude fiber content goes up.

Although they may cost more per bag, buying cubes with a higher TDN content (less crude fiber) will almost always result in lower total feed costs.

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Sometimes cubes may be described as “hay stretcher cubes” or “forage extender cubes.” Contrary to their description, these cubes are not the best choice when stretching limited hay supplies. The better and more cost-effective option is to provide a limited amount of hay or other roughage source along with a better-quality cube. end mark

Jason Banta
  • Jason Banta

  • Associate Professor and Extension Beef Cattle Specialist
  • Texas A&M University
  • Email Jason Banta